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Computer Networking #2



Computer Networking #1focuses on the definition of network or networking and types of networking. Well this post is about ‘network topology’  continue reading to know more…

NETWORK TOPOLOGY
In computer networking, topology refers to the layout of connected devices. This article introduces the standard topologies of networking.
Think of a topology as a network's virtual shape or structure.
Network topologies are categorized into the following basic types:

  1. Bus topology
  2. Ring topology
  3. Star topology
  4. Tree topology
  5. Mesh topology 


BUS TOPOLOGY
In the bus topology, each computer connects to a common cable. The cable connects one computer to the next, like a bus line going through a city. The cable has a small cap installed at the end, called a terminator. The terminator prevents signals from bouncing back and causing network errors.





RING TOPLOGY
A ring topology is very similar to the bus. In a ring, all the devices on the network are connected to a common cable which loops from machine to machine. After the last machine on the network, the cable then returns to the first device to form a closed loop. Messages are passed around the ring in sequence. 





STAR TOPOLOGY
Star topology is completely different from rather a bus or ring. In star topology, each device has its own cable run connecting the device to a common hub or concentrator. Only one device is permitted to use each port on the hub. That is all nodes are connected to a Central machine or to a wiring centre (such as hub). Messages can be sent directly to their destinations from the centre.





TREE TOPOLOGY
Tree topologies integrate multiple star topologies together onto a bus. In its simplest form, only hub devices connect directly to the tree bus, and each hub functions as the "root" of a tree of devices. This bus/star hybrid approach supports future expandability of the network much better than a bus (limited in the number of devices due to the broadcast traffic it generates) or a star (limited by the number of hub connection points) alone.





MESH TOPOLOGY
The mesh topology connects all devices to each other. When every device is connected to every other device, a failure of any cable will not affect the network.

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HTML Attributes

HTML tags can contain one or more attributes. Attributes are added to a tag to provide the browser with more information about how the tag should appear or behave. Attributes consist of a name and a value separated by an equals (=) sign.


  1. HTML elements can have attributes
  2. Attributes provide additional information about an element 
  3. Attributes are always specified in the start tag
  4. Attributes come in name/value pairs like: name="value"
 Try It Yourself

<p style="background-color:orange;">Do you like my background color?</p>

<a href="http://www.jesmansblog.net">This is a link</a>

  • This particular attribute statement, style="background-color:orange", tells the browser to style the <p> element with a background color of orange.
  • HTML links are defined with the <a> tag. The link address is specified in the href attribute
 Note
  1.  Attribute values should always be enclosed in quotes. 
  2.  Double style quotes are the most common, but single style quotes are also allowed.
  3.  Attribute names and attribute values are case-insensitive.
Summary
Many attributes are available to HTML elements, some are common across most tags, others can only be used on certain tags.
Below is a list of some attributes that can be used on any HTML element:

class ==> Specifies one or more classnames for an element (refers to a class in a style sheet)

id ==> Specifies a unique id for an element

style ==> Specifies an inline CSS style for an element

title ==> Specifies extra information about an element (displayed as a tool tip)

 <<Add More To Your Basic HTML Page #2
 

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